Because human parvovirus B19 infection is such a common virus during childhood that the most of reproductive women has the antibody against that, the incidence of parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy is low. If pregnant women are infected, the transplacental transmission of parvovirus B19 is 20-30% of pregnancies. The typical symptoms of fetal parvoviral infection are fetal hydrops
including ascites, skin thickening, and pleural effusion, placentomegaly, polyhydroamnios. Parvovirus B19 is not considered to be teratogen, because the most of parvoviral infection have occurred in the second trimester after completion of organogenesis. We experienced fetal parvovirus B19 infection with encephalocele and report this case with brief review of literature.